Aristotelian abiogenesis
3. Type: Detail of the passage
(D) I is incorrect because Spallanzani's experiment, not Redi's, paved the way
for Pasteur's. II is correct, because the passage states "Redi...proved
that no maggots were bred in meat on which flies were prevented by wire screens
from laying their eggs." III is correct, because the next sentence states
that "From the seventeenth century onwards it was gradually shown that...every
living thing came from a pre-existing living thing." Thus, Redi was
the first to show that life (maggots) came from other life (eggs). (500)
4. Type: Tone
(A) The author simply describes a theory and how it was refuted and
is completely factual in his or her retelling of history. Since the author is
detached from personal opinion, he or she cannot be (E) critical. The passage
contains no displays of emotion. Thus, (B) and (D) are also incorrect. The author
also does not ask any questions in the passage. The question that comes up in
the passage is that of whether Abiogenesis occurs. However, the question is examined
and ultimately answered; it is not posed by the author. (600)
5. Type: Category of Writing
(E) This passage discusses one scientific theory and its refutation. It is likely
to be found in an encyclopedia under the term "Abiogenesis." The passage's
focus on a single theory makes it unlikely to appear in a history textbook (C),
as a history textbook is too general to go into detail on one specific theory.
The theory is also an ancient theory which was completely proven wrong by the
time of Louis Pasteur, over a century ago. Because the passage discusses the past
it cannot be from a (D) scientific journal. The passage also only specifically
discusses Aristotle in the first paragraph, so it is unlikely to come from his
biography (B). Because, as we said in question 4, the passage contains no opinion
or emotion, it cannot be from an editorial. (700)
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